استراتژی سازگاری با شوک های اقلیمی
ترجمه نشده

استراتژی سازگاری با شوک های اقلیمی

عنوان فارسی مقاله: تنوع کشت به عنوان یک استراتژی سازگاری با شوک های اقلیمی و پیامدهای آن برای امنیت غذایی در شمال نامیبیا
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله: Farm diversification as an adaptation strategy to climatic shocks and implications for food security in northern Namibia
مجله/کنفرانس: توسعه جهانی – World Development
رشته های تحصیلی مرتبط: مهندسی کشاورزی، صنایع غذایی
گرایش های تحصیلی مرتبط: اکولوژی گیاهان زراعتی، زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، کنترل کیفی و بهداشت
کلمات کلیدی فارسی: تنوع کشت، شوک های اقلیمی، امنیت غذایی، نامیبیا
کلمات کلیدی انگلیسی: Farm diversification، Climatic shocks، Food security، Namibia
نوع نگارش مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی (Research Article)
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104906
دانشگاه: Environmental Policy Research Unit (EPRU), School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
صفحات مقاله انگلیسی: 10
ناشر: الزویر - Elsevier
نوع ارائه مقاله: ژورنال
نوع مقاله: ISI
سال انتشار مقاله: 2020
ایمپکت فاکتور: 4.414 در سال 2019
شاخص H_index: 150 درسال 2020
شاخص SJR: 2.254 در سال 2019
شناسه ISSN: 0305-750X
شاخص Quartile (چارک): Q1 در سال 2019
فرمت مقاله انگلیسی: PDF
وضعیت ترجمه: ترجمه نشده است
قیمت مقاله انگلیسی: رایگان
آیا این مقاله بیس است: بله
آیا این مقاله مدل مفهومی دارد: ندارد
آیا این مقاله پرسشنامه دارد: ندارد
آیا این مقاله متغیر دارد: دارد
کد محصول: E14520
رفرنس: دارای رفرنس در داخل متن و انتهای مقاله
فهرست مطالب (انگلیسی)

Abstract

۱٫ Introduction

۲٫ Construction and description of variables

۳٫ Estimation strategy and model specification

۴٫ Results and discussion

۵٫ Conclusion and policy implications

Acknowledgements

Funding and disclosure

References

بخشی از مقاله (انگلیسی)

Abstract

Limited non-farm opportunities in the rural areas of the developing world, coupled with population growth, means agriculture will continue to play a dominant role as a source of livelihood in these areas. Thus, while rural transformation has dominated recent literature as a way of improving welfare through diversifying into non-farm sectors, improving productivity and resilience to shocks in smallholder agricultural production cannot be downplayed. This is especially so given the changing climatic conditions affecting agricultural production, and thus threatening many livelihoods in rural areas. Farm diversification is an important strategy for creating resilience against climatic shocks in farm production. Using cross-sectional data from northern Namibia, the study assesses the barriers and success factors related to effective crop and livestock enterprises diversification and the effect of these on food security outcomes. A Seemingly Unrelated Regression model is used to assess the joint factors explaining total farm diversification, while a step-wise error correction model is used to evaluate the conditional effect of diversification in each of the two farm enterprises on two measures of food security: food expenditure and dietary diversity. We find that past exposure to climate shocks informs current diversification levels and that access to climate information is a key success factor for both livestock and crop diversification. In terms of food security, greater diversification in either crop or livestock production leads to higher food security outcomes, with neither crop nor livestock diversification showing dominance in affecting food security outcomes. However, an overall higher level of diversification in both livestock and crop enterprises is dominant in explaining food security outcomes.

Introduction

Risk is inherent in small-scale rain-fed agricultural production. Farmers have to contend with seasonal weather uncertainties, the threat of pests and diseases, and post-harvest losses, among other risks. These risks are being exacerbated by the effects of a changing climate; for example, the severity and distribution of important livestock and crop diseases is changing, while incidents of droughts and floods are on the rise (Elad & Pertot, 2014; Thornton, van de Steeg, Notenbaert, & Herrero, 2009; Wetherald & Manabe, 2002). These effects of climate change are expected to increase poverty incidences in most developing countries and create new poverty pockets in countries with increasing inequality (IPCC, 2014). Agricultural production has been stagnant in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and there is consensus that the current trend in productivity cannot guarantee food security in the region (Jayne, Chamberlin, & Headey, 2014; Kyalo Willy, Muyanga, & Jayne, 2019; Onyutha, 2018). Climatic shocks that further adversely affect food production are a serious threat to food security and livelihoods in the region. While there are adaptation options that can create resilience in agricultural productivity, studies continue to show low adoption rates across the region (Bradshaw, Dolan, & Smit, 2004; Di Falco, Veronesi, & Yesuf, 2011; Mulwa, Marenya, Rahut, & Kassie, 2017; Singh et al., 2017; Smit & Wandel, 2006). In crop farming, such adaptation measures include using seeds adapted to climate-stressors (for example drought resistant seeds) and spreading risks across different crop types (Howden et al., 2007).