مقاله انگلیسی ملاحظات ورزش قبل، در طول و بعد از بارداری
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Benefits of Exercise in Pregnancy
General Recommendations
Exercise Prescription
First Steps and How to Start Exercising During Pregnancy
Contraindications to Exercise During Pregnancy
High-Risk Sports to Avoid
Altitude Training
Exercise Considerations During the Postpartum Period and Return to Sport
Breastfeeding
Conclusions
References
INTRODUCTION
Over the past decade, there has been an increased interest in the topic of physical activity during pregnancy. This is likely due to the increasing number of studies that have shown what benefits exercise can have during this unique time in a woman’s life. Physicians and patients often express uncertainty regarding physical activity during pregnancy out of concern for the safety of both the mother and fetus. Previous studies have shown that physical activity is not associated with critical outcomes such as miscarriage, neonatal death, preterm birth, or birth defects.1 The dramatic rise in obesity, hypertension, and diabetes over the past few decades is well-documented in the literature. Subsequently there has been a similar increase in pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and preeclamspsia.1 For this reason, there is an emphasis on using physical activity to help decrease the risk of these complications and optimize maternal-fetal health during pregnancy.1 Pregnancy no longer needs to be thought of as a time to cease all activity, and it is important to counsel patients that there can be more complications by not exercising. Exercise throughout all three trimesters of pregnancy is safe, does not lead to an increase in major complications, and improves overall pregnancy outcomes.