ساختار قابل اجرای ۵G برای سیستم حمل و نقل هوشمند
Abstract
1- Introduction
2- Background and related work
3- 5G-Enabled software-defined ITS
4- Simulation results and discussion
5- Comparative analysis
6- Conclusion and future direction
References
Abstract
With the rapid advancement of technology, an increasing number of devices are being connected to the Internet and getting smart. Such advancement brings new challenges in the field of intelligent transportation system (ITS), including transferring of high data rates, providing rapid response system to users, addition of new devices, and their remote configuration. Thus, mobile information systems, along with intelligent multimodal mobility services, cope with such constraints and take significant benefit of the associated technology from emerging information and communication frameworks. Therefore, recent advancement in the field of telecommunication has witnessed increased interest in ITS, especially vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETS). Software-defined networks (SDNs) can also bring advantages to ITS due their flexibility and programmability to the network via their logical and centralized control entity. However, the bandwidth and continuous connection between ITS and SDN is still a challenge owing to the highly mobile nature of VANETS. Therefore, to address this issue, this paper presents a novel concept for enhancing the capabilities of ITS via the newly proposed 5G-based SDN architecture for ITS. The proposed system architecture is based on the following three function layers: sensing layer, relay layer, and core network layer. Continuous accessibility, via flexible and programmable features, is achieved through SDN features. In addition, high data rates and bandwidth are provided by the proposed 5G architecture. The simulation results show that the proposed system architecture achieves better results than the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol.
Introduction
he future potential of the Internet as a global phenomenon has led to an increasing number of devices becoming internet friendly [1]. Furthermore, traffic management in transportation working with the Internet has become easier as the number of IoT technologies are used for traffic management, i.e., intelligent transportation system (ITS) are envisioned to significantly improve the traffic and safety conditions on road. It is very important to monitor the traffic by using different means, i.e., check speed limit, pollution checks, and emergency response in case of road accidents. Traditionally, to solve such issues, CCTV cameras are used. However, such applications are not satisfactory in cases where several vehicles are moving on the road [1]. To cope with such constraints, IoT technology came up with different methodologies in traffic management; for example, ITS is envisioned to significantly improve the transportation and safety of roads. The concept of ITS is that all vehicles moving on the road are in constant communication with each other, through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) or vehicle-toinfrastructure (V2I) communication [2]. The deployment of various technologies needed to accomplish this task has been slow and very expensive [2]. It involves the installation of multiple pieces of large equipment both on the roadway, i.e., Roadside units (RSUs) and inside the vehicle, termed on-board units (OBUs). This suggests that a complete saturation of these units must exist to enable a fully functional ITS [1]. Recently, several research communities have focused on finding quick deployment and lower cost alternative methods for ITS. There already exist many protocols and standards that ensure the deployment of ITS since it is consistent across all states and vehicles. Recently, various aspects of ITS have been researched. ITS can provide several services, but from the quality-ofservice (QoS) viewpoint, the requirements of user satisfaction are not satisfactory [2]. Additionally, the capability of handling a large request is indispensable. Hence, recently, an emerging term, called software-defined network (SDN), has considered the networking paradigm between wired and wireless devices from software perspective. SDN is an emerging network paradigm that separates the control logic from the network device (switch or sensor node), leaving the device with only data forwarding functionality [3]. SDN can not only improve network flexibility and efficiency but also provide a platform for network management. It also enables flexible network management, which is a critical element of IoT. To cope with these limitations and challenges, software-defined networking is the forerunner, forming the backbone of network applications. Thus, SDN appears as a game changer technology that has revolutionized the entire networking mechanism.