چکیده
مقدمه
تحقیقات قبلی، فرضیه ها و تحقیق
روش ها
نتایج
نتیجه گیری
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Prior Research, Hypotheses, and Research
Methods
Results
Conclusion
References
چکیده
متخصصان حسابداری نقش مهمی در تولید و حسابرسی صورتهای مالی دارند و با توجه به درک آنها از فرآیندهای تجاری، ممکن است در توسعه زیرساختهای اخلاقی سازمانها (به عنوان مثال، جنبههای رسمی محیط اخلاقی سازمان که به صراحت تحت پوشش قرار دارند) به آنها اتکا شود. کنترل سازمان). بنابراین، درک و بهبود محیط های کاری متخصصان حسابداری برای بهبود فرهنگ اخلاقی سازمانی و کاهش تقلب بسیار مهم است. در این مطالعه، ما تحقیقات قبلی را گسترش میدهیم که شیوع برنامههای زیرساخت اخلاقی را با ارزیابی چگونگی درک متخصصان حسابداری، یک گروه کلیدی از کارکنان، از زیرساختهای اخلاقی سازمانشان مستند میکند. علاوه بر این، بررسی می کنیم که آیا ادراک از اثربخشی زیرساخت اخلاقی و استقلال حرفه ای بر قضاوت های اخلاقی حسابداران تأثیر می گذارد یا خیر. بر اساس پاسخهای 378 CPA در ایالات متحده، متوجه میشویم که وضعیت درک شده زیرساختهای اخلاقی در محیطهای کاری حسابداری - هم شرکتهای حسابداری عمومی و هم سایر انواع سازمان - نسبتاً قوی است. با این حال، از پنج مؤلفه زیرساخت اخلاقی که بررسی میکنیم (یعنی کدهای اخلاقی، آموزش اخلاقی، مجازاتها و مشوقهای مبتنی بر اخلاق، سیستم گزارشدهی اخلاقی، و سیستم بازنگری اخلاقی)، تنها 35 درصد از پاسخدهندگان نشان میدهند که سازمانهایشان بیش از سه مورد دارند. این مولفه ها مهمتر از همه، ما متوجه شدیم که اثربخشی زیرساخت اخلاقی درک شده و استقلال حرفهای هم بر ادراک فرهنگ اخلاقی و هم بر قضاوتهای اخلاقی متخصصان حسابداری تأثیر میگذارد. ما همچنین با برجسته کردن فرصتهای بهبود در قالبهای آموزش اخلاق، مشوقهای مبتنی بر اخلاق، و سیستمهای بررسی اخلاقی، به تمرین کمک میکنیم.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Accounting professionals play an important role in the generation and auditing of financial statements and, given their understanding of business processes, may be relied upon in the development of organizations’ ethical infrastructures (i.e., the formal aspects of an organization’s ethical environment that are explicitly under the control of the organization). Thus, understanding and improving the work environments of accounting professionals is crucial to improving organizational ethical culture and reducing fraud. In this study, we extend prior research that documents the prevalence of ethical infrastructure programs by assessing how accounting professionals, a key employee group, perceive their organizations’ ethical infrastructures. In addition, we examine whether perceptions of the effectiveness of the ethical infrastructure and professional autonomy influence accountants’ ethical judgments. Based on the responses of 378 CPAs in the United States, we find the perceived state of the ethical infrastructure across accounting work environments—both public accounting firms and other organization types—is relatively strong. However, of the five ethical infrastructure components we examine (i.e., ethics code, ethics training, ethics-based punishments and incentives, ethics reporting system, and ethics review system), only 35% of respondents indicate that their organizations have more than three of these components. Importantly, we find that perceived ethical infrastructure effectiveness and professional autonomy influence both perceptions of the ethical culture and the ethical judgments of accounting professionals. We also contribute to practice by highlighting opportunities for improvement in ethics training formats, ethics-based incentives, and ethics review systems.
Introduction
Unethical workplace behavior can be infuenced by both individual (Hegarty & Sims, 1979) and organizational (Weber, 1981) factors. While organizations have little direct infuence on employees’ ethical behavior, prior research suggests ethical culture can be shaped by an organization through formal and informal systems (Treviño, 1990). Moreover, perceptions of a strong ethical culture can have a positive infuence on the ethical behavior of accounting professionals (Bobek & Radtke, 2007; Bobek et al., 2010; Booth & Schulz, 2004; Dalton & Radtke, 2013). In this study, we expand on previous research documenting the actual prevalence of ethical infrastructure components in organizations (Weber & Wasieleski, 2013) by examining how ethical infrastructures are perceived by members of the organization who are not tasked with the implementation and monitoring of their organization’s ethical infrastructure. Ethical infrastructure components are more likely to infuence ethical judgments when they are perceived to be both salient and efective. Thus, ethical infrastructure perceptions are important to examine, and this examination contributes to a wealth of literature linking environmental perceptions to ethical judgments (e.g., Schwepker, 1999; Valentine & Barnett, 2007).
Conclusion
Based on survey results of 378 CPAs from a variety of accounting work environments, we conclude that most of the ethical infrastructures in place are perceived as relatively effective. Moreover, most organizations are perceived to have adopted at least some of the infrastructure components. However, the key areas to improve upon include increasing the focus on real-life scenarios for ethics training, expanding, adopting, or improving ethics-based incentive programs, and increasing the prevalence of ethics review systems in organizations of all types. Importantly, our focus on accountants’ ethical infrastructure perceptions suggests organizations should either adopt these missing components or increase the salience and efectiveness of existing components. Our results also indicate organizations signifcantly beneft from creating accounting work environments that are perceived as having efective ethical infrastructures and encouraging professional autonomy. Specifcally, our results suggest perceived ethical infrastructure efectiveness and professional autonomy operate as independent formal and informal systems that infuence organizational ethical culture and ethical judgments.
The frst hypothesis: EI_EFFECTIVE and ETHJUDGE are positively associated
The second hypothesis: AUTONOMY and ETHJUDGE are positively associated