چکیده
تعریف موسیقی هوی متال
دیدگاه های نظری
رویکرد روش شناختی
خشم و پرخاشگری: از عاطفه تا شناخت و رفتار
اضطراب و افسردگی
خودکشی
استفاده از مواد
جمعیت های روانپزشکی
تفاوت های جنسیتی
ویژگی های شخصیتی
اهداف اجتماعی و عاطفی
نتیجه گیری
منابع
Abstract
Defning Heavy Metal Music
Theoretical Perspectives
Methodological Approach
Anger and Aggression: From Affect to Cognition and Behaviour
Anxiety and Depression
Suicide
Substance Use
Psychiatric Populations
Gender Differences
Personality Traits
Social and Emotional Goals
Conclusions
References
چکیده
نگرانی هایی مطرح شده است که قرار گرفتن طولانی مدت در معرض موسیقی هوی متال با مضامین تهاجمی می تواند خطر پرخاشگری، خشم، رفتار ضد اجتماعی، مصرف مواد، افکار خودکشی، اضطراب و افسردگی را در جامعه و جمعیت روانپزشکی افزایش دهد. اگرچه تحقیقات اغلب بر شواهد همبستگی تکیه می کنند که استنباط علّی برای آنها ممکن نیست، اغلب ادعا می شود که موسیقی با مضامین تهاجمی می تواند باعث مشکلات روانی و رفتاری شود. این بررسی روایی تئوری و شواهد نشان میدهد که مسائل پیچیدهتر هستند و طرفداران معمولاً طیف وسیعی از مزایای عاطفی و اجتماعی را از گوش دادن به موسیقی هوی متال، از جمله بهبود خلقوخو، شکلگیری هویت، و وابستگی به همتایان به دست میآورند. در مقابل، غیر طرفداران موسیقی هوی متال - که اغلب به عنوان شرکت کنندگان در تحقیقات تجربی در مورد این موضوع استفاده می شوند - همیشه تجربیات روانشناختی منفی را گزارش می کنند. بررسی ما مجموعهای جامع از یافتههای تجربی را در نظر میگیرد که راهبردهای بالینی را برای شناسایی طرفدارانی که موسیقی هوی متال ممکن است خطرات روانی و رفتاری به همراه داشته باشد، و کسانی که این موسیقی ممکن است مزایای روانی اجتماعی برای آنها به همراه داشته باشد، ارائه میکند.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Concerns have been raised that prolonged exposure to heavy metal music with aggressive themes can increase the risk of aggression, anger, antisocial behaviour, substance use, suicidal ideation, anxiety and depression in community and psychiatric populations. Although research often relies on correlational evidence for which causal inferences are not possible, it is often claimed that music with aggressive themes can cause psychological and behavioural problems. This narrative review of theory and evidence suggests the issues are more complicated, and that fans typically derive a range of emotional and social benefits from listening to heavy metal music, including improved mood, identity formation, and peer affiliation. In contrast, non-fans of heavy metal music — who are often used as participants in experimental research on this topic — invariably report negative psychological experiences. Our review considers a comprehensive set of empirical findings that inform clinical strategies designed to identify fans for whom heavy metal music may confer psychological and behavioural risks, and those for whom this music may confer psychosocial benefits.
Introduction
Music plays an important role across all stages of human development (Thompson and Olsen, 2021). Mental health practitioners (e.g., music therapists, psychologists) and researchers recognise that music listening preferences and behaviours are important to social and emotional wellbeing for adolescents and young adults (F. Baker & Bor, 2008; McFerran, 2016; McFerran et al., 2016) and can support neurological functions (Brancatisano et al., 2020). A body of research spanning more than 30 years has aimed to elucidate the nature of these relationships. However, with the emergence of music genres that contain aggressive lyrical themes such as rap and heavy metal music, researchers have considered the possibility that some forms of music engagement may have negative consequences (e.g., St. Lawrence & Joyner, 1991; Warburton, 2012). Such genres often explore aggressive and violent antisocial themes, leading to media reports of moral panic by community groups, parents, and politicians (Walser, 2013). At the heart of such concerns is the possibility that music with aggressive themes might negatively impact upon the behaviour and mental health of adolescents and young adults.
Conclusions
The aim of this narrative review was to synthesise research findings grounded primarily within the field of music psychology and with particular focus on risks and benefits of heavy metal music with aggressive themes. With respect to risks, correlational evidence suggests that listening to heavy metal music is associated with psychological and behavioural problems that include aggression, delinquency, disrespect toward societal norms and women, and a vulnerability to mood disturbances such as anxiety and depression. However, there is little empirical reason to conclude that heavy metal music actually causes such problems. Fans of heavy metal also report relatively lower rates of substance use than fans of other genres (e.g., punk, techno), but substance use in this population is still considerably higher than societal norms.