دانلود مقاله رسوایی پیوند اعضا در آلمان
چکیده
مقدمه
تنظیم اعمال انحرافی
بحث
نتیجه
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
The setting of the deviant actions
Discussion
Conclusion
References
چکیده
با استفاده از داده های پزشکی پیوند عضو در آلمان، ما روشی را برای درک محتوای قوانین نانوشته حمایت کننده از نقض قوانین مکتوب در پرتو "رسوایی پیوند عضو در آلمان" پیشنهاد می کنیم. بر اساس جامعه شناسی جرایم سازمانی، ما با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل ذهنیت جمعی، مجموعه فرهنگی متخصصان پزشکی را که با تخصیص اندام کار می کنند، بازسازی می کنیم. چهار بعد از قواعد هنجاری و شناختی تفسیر به عنوان یک شکل شغلی-حرفه ای انحراف شناسایی و مورد بحث قرار گرفت. جدای از عدم تکیه بر داده‌های مجرمان ادعایی و همچنان به ساختارهای نهفته معنایی که در پشت رفتار نادرست است، نگاه می‌کنیم، رویکرد ما چارچوب روش‌شناختی کلی‌تری را برای مطالعات تجربی قوانین نانوشته در کار در زمینه سازمانی ارائه می‌دهد که در آن تخلف گزارش شده است.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Using data from organ transplant medicine in Germany, we propose a method for understanding the content of unwritten rules supportive of violations of written rules in light of the “German Organ Transplant Scandal”. Grounded in the sociology of organizational crime, we reconstruct the cultural repertoires of medical professionals working with organ allocation when confronted with the applicable guidelines using collective mindset analysis. Four dimensions of cognitive and normative rules of interpretation were identified and discussed as a an occupational-professional form of deviance. Apart from not relying on data from the alleged perpetrators and still gazing at the latent structures of meaning behind misconduct, our approach offers a more general methodological framework for empirical studies of the unwritten rules at work in an organizational field where wrongdoing has been reported.
Introduction
Organ transplantation, especially of liver and heart, is known to be a very resource intensive therapy. To succeed, it takes a myriad of sectorial policies and the participation of several stakeholders, the most proximate of which are highly qualified physicians. This article focuses on them as relevant actors in transplant medicine, more specifically in those working at German hospitals, where rules on transplantation (and consequently the departure from them) are contingent on national and European guidelines. Against the backdrop of the “Organ Transplant Scandal” in Germany, where formal guidelines concerning organ allocation were circumvented with regularity, we are asking: what are the unwritten rules in transplant organizations and the medical profession supportive of misconduct in the field?
Conclusion
Departing from the German organ transplant scandal, we have reconstructed the cultural repertoires of medical professionals working with organ allocation when confronted with the applicable guidelines and identified a cognitive and normative institutionalization of deviance. Despite not having interviewed direct participants in the wrongdoings, labelled as such by law-enforcement, this limitation was resolved thanks to the research design that combines data from the bright and dark fields. Our choice of method, collective mindset analysis, has proven to be a useful technique to operationalize the charting of unwritten rules at use. We showed how an approach that relies on the sociology of knowledge can be supported by a method that helps to reconstruct the cognitive and normative rules in a given field of interest and expand researchers’ focus on regulative institutions that are predominantly addressed by new institutionalism. For the field of transplant medicine, we demonstrated that a professional “software” comprised of collectively accepted knowledge stocks is used by members of this respective culture to translate written rules into action orientations when solving a significant action problem.