مقاله انگلیسی ورزش در زمان COVID-19: تأثیر قرنطینه بر فعالیت تیم
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many sectors of our global society since its detection in Wuhan in December 2019, and team sports have been no stranger to this reality. This special article presents a review of the literature exposing the dangers for athletes of this virus, reporting the effects of the pandemic on competitive sport, and making evidence-based recommendations to avoid the consequences of detraining in confined athletes. Furthermore, we present the results of a survey with 361 answers computed from coaches and different staff members from 26 different countries, representing the activity of more than 4500 athletes from all over the world. The aim was to know more teams’ activity during this cessation period. Finally, the article outlines recommendations based on the answers to help teams if a second outbreak of the virus forces massive confinements again, guiding a safe return to sport at any competitive level.
Introduction
What is COVID-19? Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), also known as the ‘‘Wuhan coronavirus,’’ is an illness caused by the enveloped RNA SARS-CoV-2 virus identified in Wuhan (China), a causative agent of a potentially fatal condition that has become a significant public health concern worldwide.1 The SARS-CoV-2, a member of the betacoronavirus genus, is capable of infecting humans and animals. Coronaviruses are common viruses in nature, and several of them can infect humans, causing mild diseases in the form of colds.2 However, genetic differences between this virus and others from the same family makes it more contagious and aggressive. As a consequence, on January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) determined that the outbreak of COVID-19 became a Public Health Emergency at the international level.3 WHO Member States were the advised to consider options to prevent the introduction of the disease to new areas or to reduce humanto-human transmission in zones where the virus COVID-19 was already circulating.