معماری و پروتکل بلاک چین سیستم قدرت فیزیکی سایبری
Abstract
Introduction
Blockchain technology and data trustworthy mechanism
Data blockchain in CPPS
Experiments and performance evaluation
Conclusion
References
Abstract
The state parameters of electrical equipment and power system control parameters are the key data to realize the precise control and cooperative autonomy of a cyber physical power system. The trustworthiness of the data is the primary condition to guarantee the electric power system’s safe and reliable operation. In the traditional centralized data acquisition and management architecture, the security and trustworthiness completely depend on the central main server. A small mistake in the main server will result in data loss, which is irreversible and fatal. Blockchain technique combines the dispersed data with mutual backup and retrieval mechanism, which guarantees that the data cannot be tampered with and forged privately. Based on the blockchain technology, this article proposes a novel data trustworthy acquisition model with high credibility, applied to a self-organized cyber physical power system. In order to overcome the long time-consuming process of building traditional blockchains, a new on-demand data transmission routing algorithm with M/M/1/k queuing model is proposed in this article. Different scales of IEEE standard bus systems are employed as experimental examples to evaluate the algorithm’s performance. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively shorten the time consumption of blockchain construction and realize the data trustworthiness of cyber physical power system.
Introduction
The deep integration of power systems and information systems evolves into the cyber physical power system (CPPS), which realizes the full perception and precise control of smart grid.1 Therefore, the trustworthy management of data becomes one of the primary conditions to guarantee the safe and reliable operation of the system. Existing data acquisition and management methods in electric power system usually adopt a centralized architecture. The electrical data are measured by smart meters and transmitted to the main station for the purpose of centralized management. In this architecture, data credibility completely depends on the central main server. Any small mistake in the main server will result in data loss, which may be irreversible and fatal. Therefore, to keep high reliability, huge operation and maintenance costs would need to be paid annually. Different from the centralized architecture, the blockchain technology is a novel distributed data management architecture with high credibility, which is extremely suitable to be used in CPPS, a distributed information system. Blockchain technique combines the dispersed data with a special chain mode. By mutual backup and retrieval mechanism, it ensures that the data cannot be tampered with and forged privately.2 In current and earlier research, blockchain technique was usually applied in the financial field to implement decentralized transaction records. With the development of the technique, the characteristic of high credibility has been widely recognized, and some research has been presented to use blockchain technique in fields other than that of finance.