دانلود مقاله حریم خصوصی آنلاین و ساختار بازار
چکیده
مقدمه
مروری بر مطالعات
دستورالعمل حفظ حریم خصوصی 2009
تحلیل تجربی
مدل نظری حریم خصوصی در تجارت الکترونیک
نتایجی که اظهار شده
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Literature review
The 2009 eprivacy directive
Empirical analysis
A theoretical model of privacy in E-commerce
Concluding remarks
References
چکیده
این مقاله به بررسی چگونگی تأثیر مقررات حریم خصوصی بر ساختار بازارهای آنلاین می پردازد. ما به طور تجربی اثرات دستورالعمل حریم خصوصی الکترونیکی 2009 در اروپا را بر درآمد شرکت تجزیه و تحلیل می کنیم. نتایج ما نشان می‌دهد که، در صورت وجود، تنها شرکت‌های بزرگ به طور ضعیفی تحت تأثیر منفی اجرای دستورالعمل قرار گرفتند. ما همچنین یک مدل نظری ساده ارائه می‌کنیم که پیش‌بینی می‌کند چگونه مقررات حفظ حریم خصوصی ممکن است بر درآمدها و سود شرکت‌های بزرگتر تأثیر بگذارد، حتی اگر - همانطور که برخی از شواهد ما نشان می‌دهند - این شرکت‌های بزرگتر ممکن است در واقع حریم خصوصی بیشتری نسبت به رقبای کوچک‌تر ارائه دهند. نتایج ما نشان می‌دهد که اگرچه مقررات حفظ حریم خصوصی بدون هزینه برای کسب‌وکارها نیست، اما نباید رقابت را به نفع شرکت‌های بزرگتر تحریف کند.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
This paper investigates how privacy regulation affects the structure of online markets. We empirically analyse the effects of the 2009 ePrivacy Directive in Europe on firm revenues. Our results indicate that, if any, only large firms were weakly negatively affected by the implementation of the Directive. We also provide a simple theoretical model predicting an avenue how privacy regulation may predominantly influence the revenues and profits of larger firms, even if - as some of our evidence indicates - these larger firms may actually offer more privacy than smaller rivals. Our results suggest that while privacy regulation is not without costs to businesses, it need not distort competition to the favour of larger firms.
Introduction
Firms in the digital economy collect customer data at an unprecedented rate. Electronic commerce in physical and digital goods is fuelled by recommendation engines: algorithms that rely on user data on demographics, previous purchases, and other preferences to predict products and services an online shopper may be interested in. Commentators often attribute a large share of the stellar success of internet giants like Amazon and Netflix to the ability of these firms to recommend products to their users based on data and analytics (Arora, 2016).
Concluding remarks
In this paper, we investigate the relationship between privacy regulation and market structure. We aim to provide some policy guidance in the discussion surrounding the European Commission’s proposed ePrivacy Regulation. Our analysis contributes to the broader discussion of the effect of privacy regulation on market outcomes. Our empirical assessment focuses on the revision of the 2009 ePrivacy Directive (Cookie Law) that introduced an opt-in system for cookies in the European Union and finds that the privacy regulation had little effect on the revenues of e-commerce firms in Europe.
Our empirical analysis relies on a difference-in-differencein-differences model with variation in treatment timing. Our results show that small firms have not been significantly affected, while large firms suffered relatively minor revenue losses due to stricter privacy rules. This goes against the arguments of industry representatives who have harshly criticised privacy regulation as being harmful to businesses.