مقاله انگلیسی ضعف اجتماعی و افسردگی در همه گیری COVID-19 بین سالمندان
Abstract
Keywords
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Declaration of competing interest
Acknowledgments
Funding Statement
Data statement
Appendix. Supplementary materials
References
ABSTRACT
Objectives: : We examined the association between social frailty and depressive symptoms among communitydwelling older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Additionally, we investigated whether home exercise habits moderated the impact of social frailty on depressive symptoms. Methods: : This cross-sectional study included 1,103 community-dwelling older adults (54.0% female, mean age [standard deviation] = 81.1 [5.0] years) from a semi-urban area of Japan who completed a mailed questionnaire survey in October 2020. Social frailty status was categorized as non-social frailty, pre-social frailty, and social frailty, which was assessed by financial difficulties, living alone, lack of social activity, and contact with neighbors. Depressive symptoms were defined as a Kessler 6 score ≥5. We performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis to examine the association between social frailty and depressive symptoms, and also conducted stratified analysis of home exercise habits during the pandemic. Results: : A total of 309 (28.0%) participants had depressive symptoms. Compared with non-social frailty, social frailty was associated with depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.80, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 1.16–2.79, p = 0.009). A similar relationship was observed in those who did not exercise at home (OR = 2.10, 95%CI = 1.14–3.84, p =0.017). However, no such relationship was observed in those who did exercise at home (OR = 1.50, 95%CI = 0.79–2.85, p =0.213). Conclusions: : Social frailty was associated with a risk of depressive symptoms during the pandemic. In addition, our findings suggested that home exercise may buffer the association between social frailty and depressive symptoms.
Introduction
Many people have been affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, both directly and indirectly. The World Health Organization declared a COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 (World Health Organization, 2020). Owing to the insufficient establishment of effective pharmacological interventions, COVID-19 management depends on public health measures to mitigate its spread and flatten the pandemic curve. These measures include bans on public gatherings, stay-at-home policies, and physical distancing strategies(Hartley & Perencevich, 2020). In Japan, a state of emergency was issued by the government on April 7, 2020, calling for restrictions on interactions between citizens and refraining from social interactions (lifted on May 31, 2020) (Karako, Song, Chen, Tang, & Kokudo, 2021; Looi, 2020). Some prefectures declared a local prefectural-level state of emergency in late July 2020, corresponding to the second wave. This involved self-restraint when dining at restaurants at night (lifted in early September 2020) (Gifu Prefectural Office, 2020; Karako et al., 2021).