دانلود مقاله مروری بر چالش ها و زیرساخت های جغرافیایی برای شهر هوشمند
چکیده
مقدمه
مروری بر مطالعات پیشین درک فعلی و بحث جاری شهرهای هوشمند
روش و داده ها
نتایج و بحث
نتیجه گیری
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Review of literature on the current understanding and ongoing debate of smart cities
Method and data
Results and discussion
Conclusion
Declarations
References
چکیده
شهر هوشمند یکی از سریع‌ترین ابتکارات اقتصادی-اجتماعی و علمی در حال رشد در جهان است. با این حال، این تنها در اصل و طرحی صرف برای بسیاری از کشورهای در حال توسعه است. این مطالعه به بررسی ادبیات شهر هوشمند در نیجریه و کشورهای در حال توسعه می پردازد. هدف ما بر اساس تحقیقات اخیر در مورد مفهوم شهر هوشمند و اجرای آن، بررسی راه‌هایی برای بهبود کیفیت مناطق شهری نیجریه است. ما یافته‌های تحقیقاتی کلیدی را خلاصه می‌کنیم و شواهدی را جمع‌آوری می‌کنیم که نشان می‌دهد چه ترکیبی از حاکمیت شهری، عوامل اجتماعی، اقتصادی و محیطی می‌تواند بر واقعی‌سازی یک شهر هوشمند در نیجریه تأثیر بگذارد. اگرچه دانش در ادبیات کنونی در مورد تعریف، اهمیت، حکمرانی، سیاست و اجرای شهر هوشمند به شدت رشد کرده است، اهمیت آن در نیجریه و سایر کشورهای در حال توسعه مکمل است. به عنوان یک ابتکار دوستدار محیط زیست، یک شهر هوشمند از پایداری و معیشت شهری در نیجریه به روش‌های بی‌شماری حمایت می‌کند - حفاظت از محیط زیست، و خدمات شهری جریان اصلی، از جمله امنیت و ایمنی عمومی، دسترسی به مراقبت‌های بهداشتی با کیفیت، تامین برق کارآمد، توزیع آب پاک. ، مدیریت دارایی ها، حمل و نقل هوشمند، و غیره. با این حال، نیجریه علیرغم روندهای منحصر به فرد تراکم شهری سنتی خود، نسبت به واقعی سازی یک شهر هوشمند بی جاه طلبانه و محدود است. تحقق یک شهر هوشمند در نیجریه و سایر کشورهای در حال توسعه به سیاست‌های رادیکال و بلندپروازانه در زمینه توسعه ظرفیت انسانی و زیرساختی و همچنین تقویت نهادی نیاز دارد. این امر نیاز به تحقیقات بیشتر را نشان می دهد، که ما خوشبین هستیم که یافته های این تحقیق با بینش جدید و دستورالعمل های روشن آن را پشتیبانی کند.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Smart city is one of the fastest growing socio-economic and scientific initiative in the world. Still, it is only in principle and a mere blueprint for many developing countries. This study reviews literature on smart city in Nigeria and developing countries. Our aim is to explore ways to improve the quality of Nigeria’s urban areas, based on recent research on the concept of smart city and its implementation. We summarise key research findings, and gather evidence that shows what composition of urban governance, social, economic, and environmental factors, that would influence actualising a smart city in Nigeria. Although knowledge has grown tremendously in the current literature on the definition, significance, governance, policy, and implementation of a smart city, its significance in Nigeria and other developing countries is supplemental. As an environmentally friendly initiative, a smart city will support urban sustainability and livelihood in Nigeria in a myriad of ways—environmental protection, and mainstream urban services, including public security and safety, access to quality health care, efficient power supply, clean water distribution, assets management, smart transportation, etc. However, despite her unique traditional urban agglomeration trends, Nigeria is unambitious and constrained towards actualising a smart city. Actualising a smart city in Nigeria and other developing countries would require radical and ambitious policies on development of human and infrastructural capacity, as well as institutional reinforcement. This highlights the need for more research, of which we are optimistic that the findings of this research will support with its new insight and clear guidelines.
Introduction
A smart city is modern architectural philosophy, focusing on the use of information and communication technology (ICT) to solve problems endogenous to the city, and to power vital activities. It represents a major transformation from the traditional urban agglomeration to a twenty-frst-century metropolis, which advances city functions, promotes economic growth, and improves the quality of life for citizens (Bakıcı et al., 2013). One obvious beneft of a smart city is the level of government response to the needs and well-being of citizens through positive interaction between the government and citizens, aided by technology-driven policies and services. When we look at some of the smart cities in the world today for example Singapore, San-Diego, Barcelona, and Hong Kong, we could fnd that smartness of cities creates applications and urban services that combine technology and promotes the development of policies and practices to address the social, economic, and environmental challenges facing today’s urban areas (Su et al., 2011).
Conclusion
A smart city represents a shift both in mindset and architectural framework from the traditional agglomeration of roads, public utilities, and amenities to a modern system that uses big data and ICT to enhance the livelihood of the citizens and government policy and program of service delivery within the city. This is a major incentive for research and policy towards the sustainable development of cities. There is also an opportunity to tackle urban scenic distortion and to provide a more dynamic and diversifed science to address common issues – such as climate change, increasing frequency, and severity of crimes, social disorders, and disasters – arising from urban agglomerations and the burgeoning human population in cities.
For the developing countries (DCs) such as Nigeria – the focus of this study – a smart city’s conceptualization is slightly skewed because of the vagaries of challenges to its actualization. Thus, the idea of a smart city is still more utopian than realistic. However, the future of the DCs is arguably a smart city because of the complex urbanizations and predictions that places within the DCs will contribute signifcantly to the global urban populations, which is estimated at 90% of the global population by 2050. Therefore, to address the attendant problems that prevail presently in the DCs’ urban areas – which include environmental, economic, and human development issues – a smart city is a potent option.