هوش هيجانی و فرآيند تنظيم هيجان روزانه
Highlights
Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Method
3. Results
4. Discussion
Declarations of interest
Funding
References
Abstract
There is growing interest in the emotion regulation processes that underlie the adaptive functioning of emotionally intelligent individuals. This study uses experience sampling to examine whether the emotional intelligence (EI) of undergraduate students (N = 84) relates to their day-to-day use of five emotion regulation processes over a five-day period. We also test whether EI predicts motives for one of the emotion regulation processes (social sharing). We measure both ability EI (the brief Situational Test of Emotion Management) and self-rated EI (the Self-Rated Emotional Intelligence Scale). Self-rated EI significantly predicts more social sharing, direct situation modification and reappraisal. Ability EI does not significantly predict any of the five regulation processes. Both ability and self-rated EI are significantly related to greater bonding and relief motives for social sharing. Self-rated EI is also related to recovery motives. These results suggest that it is the self-beliefs about one's emotional abilities, rather than emotion knowledge, which influence the emotion regulation processes people use in daily life.
1. Introduction
Emotional intelligence (EI) and emotion regulation are two conceptually related approaches to understanding the emotional experiences people have. EI describes individual differences in the abilities and traits involved in perceiving, using, understanding, and managing emotions (Mayer, Caruso, & Salovey, 2016) whereas emotion regulation describes the processes by which people control which emotions they have and when they have them (Gross, 1999). We know that some emotion regulation processes are more effective than others in controlling negative emotions (e.g., perspective taking is generally effective whereas ruminating is generally ineffective; Bushman, 2002; Aldao, Nolen-Hoeksema, & Schweizer, 2010) and that emotionally intelligent people experience fewer negative emotions (Sanchez-Alvarez, Extremera, & Fernandez-Berrocal, 2016). What is still largely unclear is whether individual differences in EI relate to differences in the emotion regulation processes people use. The current research proposes to address this by examining whether ability and self-rated EI predict the use of five different emotion regulation processes in daily life. We also examine whether EI predicts differences in people's motivations for socially sharing their emotions. Given the importance of both EI and emotion regulation to mental health and wellbeing outcomes, our research is relevant for understanding the mechanisms by which personattributes (EI) translate into behaviours (regulation) known to increase such outcomes.