مقاله انگلیسی ارزیابی تاثیر آلودگی هوا و فصلی بودن آب و هوا بر موج های چندگانه کووید-19
Abstract
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Introduction
Materials and methods
Results and discussion
Conclusion
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Declaration of competing interest
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ABSTRACT
While the COVID-19 pandemic is still in progress, being under the fifth COVID-19 wave in Madrid, over more than one year, Spain experienced a four wave pattern. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 pathogens in Madrid metropolitan region was investigated from an urban context associated with seasonal variability of climate and air pollution drivers. Based on descriptive statistics and regression methods of in-situ and geospatial daily time series data, this study provides a comparative analysis between COVID-19 waves incidence and mortality cases in Madrid under different air quality and climate conditions. During analyzed period 1 January 2020–1 July 2021, for each of the four COVID-19 waves in Madrid were recorded anomalous anticyclonic synoptic meteorological patterns in the mid-troposphere and favorable stability conditions for COVID-19 disease fast spreading. As airborne microbial temporal pattern is most affected by seasonal changes, this paper found: 1) a significant negative correlation of air temperature, Planetary Boundary Layer height, and surface solar irradiance with daily new COVID-19 incidence and deaths; 2) a similar mutual seasonality with climate variables of the first and the fourth COVID-waves from spring seasons of 2020 and 2021 years. Such information may help the health decision makers and public plan for the future.
Introduction
Over the last 18 months, novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread from China to the rest of the world. This viral infection pandemic disease, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its new variants, is responsible for a global crisis spreading the disease and collapsing the world economy to levels not seen since the 1918 influenza pandemic.