مقاله انگلیسی رابطه بین نشانگرهای فیبروز و بروز نارسایی قلبی
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Discussion
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most important chronic conditions nowadays, which is tightly linked to development of chronic heart failure (HF). The prevalence of HF is 4 times higher in patients with T2DM than in the general population [1]. T2DM can contribute to HF via different mechanisms such as low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and fibrosis [2]. These processes lead to diabetic cardiomyopathy, acceleration of atherosclerosis, increased arterial stiffness, and myocardial ischemia. Several biomarkers have been studied in order to better understand HF development in T2DM and improve the prediction of HF incidence and its progression [3, 4]. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was identified as a reliable marker for HF [1]. The predictive value of circulating biomarkers of fibrosis in a HF incidence and T2DM-induced cardiomyopathy was shown in several Hindawi Journal of Diabetes Research Volume 2021, Article ID 9589185, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9589185 studies and still being discussed and studied in patients with T2DM [5]. In some studies, there was an association of type 1 collagen degradation products and different phenotypes of HF in patients with T2DM [4, 6].. Specific scales for predicting HF in T2DM patients are being actively developed, and it is assumed that those markers that are specifically elevated in T2DM patients with HF may be elevated also in patients with T2DM who will develop HF in the near future. Although biomarkers can improve management of HF, there is no clear data regarding cost-effectiveness for each biomarker in clinical practice.Moreover, there is therapy, which is useful in patients with T2DM and HF. A number of studies have shown that sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) significantly reduce the risk of HF in patients with T2DM [7, 8]. SGLT2i are recommended in patients with T2DM at high risk of CV events or with CV disease to reduce hospitalizations for HF, major CV events, and CV death [9].