مقاله انگلیسی توسعه جهت گیری برای دستیابی به قصد کارآفرینی
Abstract
Introduction
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ABSTRACT
This paper develops and tests a model considering the effects of entrepreneurship education programs on the individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) and the role of IEO as an antecedent of the attitudes and entrepreneurial intention (EI) through the dimensions of Theory of planned behavior (TBP). This study uses a pretest-post-test analysis with data from two emerging countries in Latin America by considering 1723 Colombian and Ecuadorian undergraduate students. SignTest and Wilcoxon signed-rank test confirmed the impact of entrepreneurship education programs on IEO. Moreover, structural equation modeling was used to validate the theoretical model and test hypotheses between IEO, TBP and EI. The findings offer important theoretical and practical implications for the field of entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial behavior.
Introduction
A starting point to justify entrepreneurship education could be to perceive it as a means to achieve, among other skills, interest, joy, commitment and creativity among students (Johannisson, 2010; Lack´eus, 2015). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the development of entrepreneurial competencies not only regarding venture creation but also to improve opportunities recognition and abilities to cope with a globalized world with changing economies has been a significant subject of academic studies over the past two decades (Ahmed et al., 2020; Fayolle et al., 2006; Lin˜an, ´ Rodríguez-Cohard, & Rueda-Cantuche, 2011; Lopez et al., 2021; Nabi et al., 2018; Sherkat & Chenari, 2020; Souitaris et al., 2007; Tung et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2014). This has allowed the development of a vast body of knowledge on this issue; however, specific results are not consistent, some lack broad samples, different methodologies or variables, and constructs that complement existing relationships and the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education (Bae et al., 2014; Matlay et al., 2014; Nabi et al., 2017; Rideout & Gray, 2013). In turn, the Theory of planned behavior (TPB) has been established as the main framework for explaining entrepreneurial intention (EI), and its three dimensions (attitude towards behavior - ATB, subjective norms – SN, and perceived behavioral control - PBC) are crucial to understanding the antecedents of entrepreneurial behavior (Kautonen et al., 2013). However, the drivers of ATB, SN and PBC are still underexplored and, therefore, the discussion on motivators and obstacles to EI is still an issue that is not exhausted and remains on the research agenda in the discipline of entrepreneurship. According to the above, the entrepreneurial orientation at the individual level emerges as a construct that captures the individual’s cognitive aspects related to motivation towards behavior (Bolton & Lane, 2012; Martins & Perez, 2020).