رهبری و روابط عمومی
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Reflexivity and connecting with context
3. Exploring the lived experiences of PR leaders
4. The study’s research design
5. Emerging conflicts and contradictions
6. Disempowering narratives and cultures
7. Implications for theory and practice
8. From methodology to pedagogy
9. The study’s limitations
10. Summary
References
Abstract
This article argues that little is known in public relations (PR) about the experience of leadership and, more specifically, the challenges associated with enacting desired leadership behaviours in the work place. The study focusses on the personal experiences of PR leaders and considers how exploring the interplay between a leader and their context enhances understanding of the conditions under which knowledge is enacted, or rather not enacted, in different leadership situations. The discussion is informed by perspectives from organization and leadership studies which highlight the importance of reflexivity to leadership learning. In addition to applying a reflexive lens to leadership practice in public relations, the study addresses a lack of empirical research focussing on the situated experiences of PR leaders. It considers the reflexive potential of a programme of interviews with PR practitioners providing examples to illustrate the role this form of research can play in leadership studies. The context investigated concerns the work place experiences of senior PR executives who claim to be ‘empowering leaders’. The discussion of the findings focuses on how organizational power relations distort the practitioners’ espoused leadership values and engages in a process of problematization designed to challenge the uncritical promotion of normative and decontextualised approaches to leadership. The article highlights the benefits of a reflexive orientation to PR leadership research and pedagogy, while calling for the promotion of a particular form of contextual intelligence to help practitioners confront the organizational conditions which specifically impact on their ability to lead others.
Introduction
In an article about leadership in this journal more than 30 years ago, Thayer (1986) appropriated a Spanish proverb to make the point that discussing or reading about leadership is not the same as doing it. The proverb he uses warns theatrically that to talk of bulls is not the same as being in the bullring. Four decades on from Thayer’s evocation of the bullring we still know little in public relations (PR) about the experiences practitioners have of leading others and, more specifically, the challenges associated with enacting desired leadership behaviours in the work place. This oversight is not surprising for while there has been a recent upsurge in research, leadership in PR remains an under-developed area of inquiry despite its importance to the impact, development and reputation of the profession (Berger, 2013; McKie & Willis, 2015; Meng, 2014; Petersone & Erzikova, 2016). This article’s interest in the personal experiences of practitioners seeking to enact desired leadership behaviours, in addition to contributing to a nascent area of public relations scholarship, further advances knowledge by connecting PR to relevant research from outside of the field. The study considers how exploring the interplay between a leader and their context enhances understanding of the conditions under which knowledge is enacted, or rather not enacted, in a specific leadership context. In doing so, the discussion introduces perspectives from organization and leadership studies which highlight the importance of reflexivity to leadership learning (Cunliffe & Easterby-Smith, 2004; Cunliffe, 2002).