استراتژی جایگزینی واردات
Abstract
1-Introduction
2-Results and discussion
3-Conclusions
References
Abstract
The paper studies the problem of developing a strategy of import substitution. The dynamics of the gross domestic product and export-import operations has been investigated. From our data we have concluded that it is necessary to use advanced production technologies in the industry of Russia. A general conclusion has been made concerning the system classifying alternative strategies of import substitution. This paper was carried out within the state scientific task No 26.2671.2014/K “Theoretical and methodological basis for the development and implementation of a cluster-based policy at the regional level and scientific and methodological foundations of the tools of the structural benchmarks of the regional social and economic system”.
Introduction
The policy of import substitution is connected with increase in profits of domestic industry. Supporters of the given concept have contended, that sustainable economic development of the state is possible only on the basis of the increase of the level of industrial self-sufficiency and increase the output of its own products. The strategy of self-sufficiency in the instability is generated by the processes occurring in the world economy, skeptical attitude to foreign capital. All this dictates the need for increased attention to the public sector in the industry, strict regulation of foreign capital participation involvement to in the industrialization. The policy of replacing imports of industrial products of local production is accompanied by the protection of domestic industry from the effects of the global market. Industrial import substitution was proclaimed as one of the goals of economic development in the theoretical models developed by such representatives of neo-Keynesian school, like Chenery, Bruno, Carter. In the 60-70-ies of XX century they was offered economic growth model with two deficits. That model interpreted economic development as the gradual replacement of external sources of financing by domestic as imports substitute by domestic. Bridging the gap of savings and the trade deficit in this model was associated with external borrowing, while the internal resources of the country are not taken into account. Most Russian scientists also do not see an alternative to the industrial import substitution in relation to the growth prospects of the national economy.