آسیب شناسی بافت سرطان روده بزرگ
Abstract
۱٫ Introduction
۲٫ Experimental
۳٫ Results and discussion
۴٫ Conclusion
Author statement
Abbreviations
Funding
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Declaration of competing interest
References
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most commonly detected pathology and is the third worldwide cause of death in the US and Europe and ranks second with regard to the incidence of malignant tumors in population. Raman spectroscopy and imaging can be used for colon cancer detection and bioanalytical characterization of noncancerous and pathologically changed tissues. These studies included Raman spectroscopy measurement of not fixed and not stained tissues samples. Presented study included patients from Poland, who were ≥۱۸ years of age and underwent colon cancer surgery. Outcomes were measured using confocal Raman microscope, spectroscopy results were compared with traditional histopathology analysis outcomes. DNA, lipids, proteins and carotenoids can be treated as biomarkers of cancerogenesis. Ratios: 751/1156 (DNA/Carotenoids), 1228/1332 (β -sheet/α -helix proteins conformation), 1586/1004 (Phosphorylated proteins/Proteins), 2854/2935 (Lipids/Proteins) can be used to differentiate noncancerous and cancerous human sigmoid colon mucosa based on Raman spectroscopy and imaging. We have proved that Raman spectroscopy and imaging are a powerful technique to distinguish between noncancerous and cancerous human sigmoid colon mucosa and to characterize biochemical composition of multilayer sigmoid colon tissues samples.
Introduction
Nowadays Raman spectroscopy and imaging have been recognized as a powerful tool in bioanalytical, biochemical and medical applications. High sensitivity and specificity, above 90%, especially related to the fingerprint region of Raman spectr a , offer precise identification of biomarkers based on their unique vibrations. The great advantage of Raman spectroscopy and imaging is also related to the fact that samples analysis doesn’t require any staining, which is beneficial in terms of time -consuming protocols and analysis costs . As a consequence , Raman based methods including Raman spectroscopy and imaging have emerged in last years as one of the most important alternative s for traditional ex vivo human tissue examination by H&E staining and highly efficient tool for biomedical applications [ 1 – 11]. A considerable progress in the field of in vivo – clinical assessment, especially due to the spectroscopic fiber technologies is also observed [12, 13]. Colon cancer , one of the most commonly detected pathology is the third worldwide cause of death with mortality around 60% in the United States and Europe and ranks second with regard to the incidence of malignant tumors in population [14]. The main endoscopic examination used in clinical practice for colon cancer screening is colonoscopy. However, colonoscopy has some disadvantages and risk such as colonic perforation occurring in approximately 1 in 1000 cases, or hemorrhagic complications that may occur during or after colonoscopy. When combined with anesthesia, other difficulties may include cardiovascular complications such as a temporary drop in blood pressure, the risk of blood clots, pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis.