شبکه زنجیره تأمین محیطی تحت عدم قطعیت
Abstract
1- Introduction
2- Uncertainty theory
3- Models
4- Equivalence proof of uncertain models
5- Numerical experiments
6- Conclusions
References
Abstract
In the present study, a closed-loop supply chain network for production and recovery of button batteries is investigated under uncertainty. The environmental impact of button batteries is taken into account in the design of the supply chain network. Since there are many uncertainties in reality, the demand, cost and capacity are considered uncertain variables. To explore the impact of these uncertainties on the supply chain network, two multi-objective mixed integer programming models under uncertainty are developed, i.e., the expected value model and the chance-constrained model. The aim is to reduce the multiple environment effects on the total cost and weigh the pros and cons. A method based on life cycle assessment is proposed to evaluate the environment effects on the supply chain network. The two models can be converted into crisp models by the uncertainty theory. Lastly, numerical experiments are used to verify the feasibility of the proposed models and method.
Introduction
An efficient supply chain network is the embodiment of an enterprise’s ability, which makes it competitive in today’s market. The impact of commercial activities on the environment has led to government legislation and the enhancement of consumer awareness of environmental protection. Therefore, the people and government exert pressure on enterprises to reduce the impact of production and operation on the environment. In recent years, supply chain management with environmental protection has attracted great attention from researchers and scholars owing to these factors. This kind of supply chain incorporates environmental pollution into the design process, from product design to scrap. Obviously, supply chain network design plays an important role in the environment. For instance, scrapped products have a significant impact on the environment, numerous literature were devoted to the management of these products. Research showed that it is necessary to establish reverse supply chain model. It involves determining the number of required collection, recycling, recycling and disposal centers, their location and capacity, and the material flow. Mathematical models were used to studied this issue.