دانلود مقاله تجزیه و تحلیل شبکه های اجتماعی تاریخی: تحقیقات تجاری بین المللی
چکیده
مقدمه
دیدگاه های شبکه ای در تحقیقات تجاری بین المللی
رویارویی تاریخ با تحلیل شبکه های اجتماعی
تحلیل شبکه های اجتماعی تاریخی: a
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Network perspectives in international business research
History meets social network analysis
Historical social network analysis: a
References
چکیده
با وجود درخواست های مکرر برای گنجاندن تاریخ در تحقیقات IB، پیشرفت کند بوده است. معدود مطالعات IB موجود که از رویکردهای تاریخی استفاده می کنند، بیشتر بر رویکردهای روایت تاریخی تکیه کرده اند. علاوه بر این، راهنمایی روش شناختی کمی در مورد نحوه استفاده از روش شناسی های تاریخی در تحقیقات IB وجود دارد. این مقاله یک رویکرد روش‌شناختی رو به رشد را برای بررسی برجسته می‌کند، رویکردی که تقاطع‌های بین رشته‌های مختلف را از طریق استفاده از تکنیک‌های متنوع، تحلیل تاریخی و تحلیل شبکه‌های اجتماعی (SNA) و مبانی منبع (منابع آرشیوی متنوع) نشان می‌دهد. این مطالعه غنای به‌دست‌آمده از استفاده از مجموعه‌های منابع تاریخی و دیدگاه‌های اضافی در مورد شبکه‌های فراملی را که می‌توان از تحلیل شبکه‌ها در دوره‌های طولانی‌تر به‌دست آورد، نشان خواهد داد. به طور خاص، ما استدلال می‌کنیم که استفاده از روش‌های ترکیبی تاریخی SNA در پرداختن به فراخوان‌هایی برای توضیحات زمینه‌ای، طولی، چند سطحی و فرآیندی پدیده‌های IB مناسب است.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Despite repeated calls for incorporating history in IB research, progress has been slow. The few existing IB studies utilizing historical approaches have relied mostly on historical narrative approaches. In addition, there is little methodological guidance on how to use historical methodologies in IB research. This article will highlight a growing methodological approach for consideration, one that demonstrates intersections across multiple disciplines through use of varied techniques, historical analysis and social network analysis (SNA) and source-bases (varied archival sources). This study will demonstrate the richness obtained from utilising historical source collections and the additional perspectives on transnational networks that can be obtained from analysing networks over longer periods. Specifically, we argue that the use of historical mixed methods SNA is suitable in addressing calls for contextual, longitudinal, multilevel, and processual explanations of IB phenomena.
Introduction
A call from Aguinis and Edwards (2014) for management scholars to “accelerate theoretical progress” is one that can be answered through a diversification of contexts and sources with which to test theory, resulting in a reconfiguration of theoretical frameworks or indeed, the creation of new ones. One such promise of theoretical progress has emerged from the tradition of business history and historical organization studies. Indeed, as Buckley (2020:6) recently argued “the inclusion of longitudinal methods alongside cross-sectional work is likely to enhance credibility and to correct serious errors in interpretation.” While many are calling for the use of historical methods and data to provide contextual richness and insights into evolutionary aspects of international business, now is the time to exemplify how such data can be used (Da Silva Lopes, Casson and Jones, 2019). Moreover, we should now look to more explicitly demonstrate the theoretical benefits of exploring non-conventional methodological techniques derived from multiple disciplines, whether historical, sociological, anthropological, etc. (Maclean, Harvey and Clegg, 2017).
Results and analyses
Finally, another fruitful avenue for the use of historical mixed methods SNA is the corporate political activity and non-market strategy field. Corporate political activity pertains to “firms’ attempts at managing their socio-political environment” (Elsahn & Benson-Rea, 2018: 774). Earlier research in this stream has focused on either the firm level by examining the antecedents and consequences of different types of non-market strategies as well as the process of non-market strategy development (Elsahn & Benson-Rea, 2018). While another stream of research has focused on how institutional differences among countries influence firms’ choices of political activities and strategies (Mbalyohere, Lawton, Boojihawon & Viney, 2017). Longitudinal studies that examine changes in non-market strategies over time are relatively rare. An exception is the study by Mbalyohere et al., (2017) in which they examine how MNEs utilise different political activities in response to institutional changes and transformations in the Ugandan market. What is missing from the CPA literature in IB however is an analysis of MNEs non-market network structures and how they develop and change over time and in different contexts. Historical SNA can provide an in-depth understanding of how different network configurations emerge during different periods of institutional stability and change, and the structural characteristics of these non-market network structures. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis of archival records such as correspondence can reveal the meanings actors assign to these relationships as well as their political activities such as defending, lobbying, etc.