دانلود مقاله تیراندازی دسته جمعی در مدارس: بررسی توصیه های بهداشت روان
چکیده
مقدمه
ارزیابی
پوشش رسانه ای
دسترسی
روش
نتایج
تمرکز مطالعات
گزارش های فدرال و ملی
گزارش های ایالتی
گزارش های محلی
نمودار (نمودار PRISMA fow)
دسترسی به مشاوره اجتماعی و مدرسه
آموزش
ارزیابی تهدید چند رشته ای
نظارت و پیگیری
درمان غیر ارادی
پیشگیری از قلدری
ارتباطات بین رشته ای
بحث
محدودیت ها
تحقیقات آینده
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Assessment
Media Coverage
Accessibility
Method
Results
Focus of Studies
Federal and National Reports
State Reports
Local Reports
Diagram (PRISMA fow diagram)
Access to Community Counseling and School
Training
Multidisciplinary Threat Assessment
Monitoring and Following up
Involuntary Treatment
Prevention of Bullying
Interdisciplinary Communication
Discussion
Limitations
Future Research
References
چکیده
خدمات بهداشت روانی اغلب به دنبال تیراندازی های دسته جمعی در مدارس مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد. متعاقباً، هیئت های ملی، فدرال، ایالتی و محلی برای شناسایی اقدامات پیشگیرانه از جمله پیامدهای سلامت روان تشکیل جلسه می‌دهند. به منظور پرداختن به این سوال که چه توصیه هایی به متخصصان بهداشت روان ارائه شده است، یک بررسی سیستماتیک از گزارش های هیئت که تیراندازی های متعدد مدارس را پوشش می دهد، انجام شد. پس از جستجوی جامع پایگاه داده، 16 گزارش واجد شرایط مربوط به حوادث از سال 1974 تا 2018 شناسایی و بررسی شد. مضامین متعددی پدیدار شد که مربوط به ارائه دهندگان سلامت روان است. پیشنهادات شامل گسترش دسترسی به مشاوره، افزایش آموزش پرسنل مدرسه در مورد ارزیابی تهدید و بیماری های روانی، استفاده از تیم های ارزیابی تهدید بین رشته ای، نظارت و پیگیری طرح های درمانی، گسترش درمان غیر ارادی، اجرای پیشگیری از قلدری و افزایش ارتباطات بین رشته ای بود.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Mental health services are frequently scrutinized following mass school shootings. Subsequently, national, federal, state, and local commissions convene to identify preventative measures including implications for mental health. In order to address the question of what recommendations were offered to mental health professionals, a systematic review of commission reports covering multiple school shootings was conducted. After a comprehensive database search, 16 qualifying reports covering incidents from 1974 through 2018 were identified and reviewed. Several themes emerged, which are pertinent to mental health providers. Suggestions included expanding access to counseling, increasing training of school personnel on threat assessment and mental illness, using interdisciplinary threat assessment teams, monitoring and following up on treatment plans, expanding involuntary treatment, implementing bullying prevention, and increasing interdisciplinary communication.
Introduction
Over the past decade, the number of multiple-victim homicides in school settings has increased in the United States of America (USA; Center for Disease Control [CDC], 2019). After such occurrences of mass school shootings, the media frequently discusses mental health issues as a contributing factor (Silva & Capellan, 2019). Second to the perpetrator’s level of aggressiveness, mental health concerns were the most frequently mentioned issues in news articles (Barbieri & Connell, 2015). Initially, the goal of the current study was to conduct a systematic review of peer-reviewed studies to determine which mental health recommendations reduce incidents of school shootings. However, there was a paucity of peer-reviewed research addressing these concerns. Rather, the research focused primarily on the efcacy of threat assessments, the content of media coverage after an incident, and the overall accessibility of mental healthcare in schools. Thus, a brief literature review of these studies in the introduction will establish the necessity to analyze non-peer-reviewed sources for mental health recommendations and to reveal areas deserving further attention. The current study conducted a systematic review of local, state, federal, and national commissions that convened after school shooting incidents to answer the question of what mental health recommendations were provided to reduce incidents of school shootings.
Results
The results of the search are illustrated in a PRISMA fow diagram (Fig. 1). A total of 36 records were screened. Those excluded were news articles, not commission reports. Using an internet search engine, eighteen commission reports were identifed that included school shootings, however two reports did not include mental health recommendations and were set aside. Of the remaining reports, 16 were identifed using the eligibility criteria: one was national, seven were federal, four were state, and four were local. Eight reports covered one shooting incident, and eight reports covered more than one incident (Table 1). Of those eight reports that covered multiple incidents, three identifed the locations of each incident and fve withheld the locations of the incidents (Table 1). These incidents covered a span from 1974 to 2018. The most comprehensive report reviewed 260 shooting incidents that took place on school grounds (Table 1). Incidents included in each report difered due to the individual committee’s inclusion criteria.