چکیده
مقدمه
روش تحقيق
نتایج و بحث
نتیجه گیری
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Research method
Results and discussion
Conclusion
References
چکیده
این مطالعه با هدف تجزیه و تحلیل اثرات قابل توجه اجتماعی-اقتصادی و زیست محیطی نخاله های ساختمانی و نشان دادن استراتژی های مدیریتی انجام شده است. یک بررسی گسترده از مقالات و مصاحبه با کارشناسان ساخت و ساز برای شناسایی عوامل تاثیر زباله استفاده شد. سپس پرسشنامه ای بر اساس طیف لیکرت پنج درجه ای انجام شد و داده ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که ضایعات ساختمانی تقریباً در 71/95 درصد از پروژههای ساختمانی در حال انجام به یک چالش تبدیل شده است. این در حالی است که تنها 14/57 درصد از شرکت های ساختمانی حجم ضایعات مواد را ثبت و اندازه گیری کرده اند. از مواد خریداری شده، 6 تا 10 درصد به عنوان ضایعات ثبت می شود که منجر به گران شدن هزینه پروژه می شود. علاوه بر این، در 75.71 درصد از شرکتهای ساختمانی هیچ حرفهای برای رسیدگی به مسائل زباله وجود ندارد. این مطالعه همچنین نشان میدهد که مازاد بر هزینههای پروژه، آلودگی محیطزیست، کاهش سود و شکست شرکتهای ساختمانی، مصرف بیش از حد مواد اولیه و خطرات بهداشت عمومی و ایمنی به ترتیب بهعنوان پنج تأثیر عمده زبالههای ساختمانی رتبهبندی میشوند. بکارگیری یک افسر مدیریت پسماند، استفاده از قطعات پیش ساخته یا خارج از محل، اجرای شیوه های مدیریت قوی در محل، استفاده مجدد و بازیافت مواد باقی مانده در سایت ها، و تمرین قوانین و مشخصات ساختمان سبز، اقداماتی هستند که برای کاهش ضایعات ساختمانی و اثرات آن ابداع می شوند.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the significant socioeconomic and environmental impacts of construction waste and to indicate management strategies. An extensive review of the literature and interviews with construction experts were used to identify waste impact factors. Then a questionnaire survey was conducted based on a five-point Likert scale and the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The result showed that construction waste becomes a challenge for almost 95.71% of ongoing construction projects. However, only 57.14% of the construction companies have recorded and measured the volume of material waste. From purchased materials, 6–10% is recorded as waste that lead to project cost overrun. In addition, there is no professional assigned to handle waste issues in 75.71% of construction companies. The study also indicates that project cost overrun, pollution of the environment, reduction in profit and failure of construction firms, excessive consumption of raw materials, and public health and safety risks are ranked as the five major impacts of construction waste, respectively. Employing a waste management officer, using prefabricated or off-site components, implementing strong onsite management practices, reusing and recycling materials leftover on the sites, and practicing green building codes and specifications are measures devised to mitigate construction waste and its impacts.
Introduction
The economic development of any country is largely dependent on construction projects (Husnain et al., 2017). The construction industry provides numerous job opportunities, economic contributions, and serves as a basis for other businesses (Ofori, 2015; Venugopal et al., 2020). The role it plays in socioeconomic development goes beyond its share in national output (Lopes et al., 2011; Akadiri et al., 2012; Tafesse, 2020). It includes building, civil, and other heavy engineering projects that are responsible for the growth of every country (Papargyropoulou et al., 2011; Oladipo and Oni, 2012). In developing countries, construction activities account for 80% of the total capital asset, 10 % of their GDP, and more than 50 % of the wealth invested in fixed assets (Jekale, 2004).
Conclusion
The objective of this paper was to identify the negative consequences of construction waste generated by construction projects. A literature review and expert interviews were used to identify the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of waste. A list of 25 negative waste impacts was compiled and quantitatively analyzed using descriptive statistics. Based on the results of the comprehensive analysis, it is possible to conclude that construction waste has become a major environmental and socioeconomic concern in Ethiopia, due to the increasing amount of waste generated by construction projects in nearly 95.71% of the ongoing construction projects. However, only 57.14% of the companies have recorded and measured the amount of construction waste generated from their sites. Due to construction material waste, the majority of construction companies experience a 6–10% cost overrun compared to the total cost of purchased materials. At the same time, the overall response of the participant was between 1-25%, with an average contribution of 12.5% of material cost overrun.