دانلود مقاله اثر تحریک عمیق مغز در کودکان و بزرگسالان مبتلا به اوتیسم
چکیده
مقدمه
مطالب و روش ها
نتیجه
بحث
نتیجه گیری
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Material and methods
Result
Discussion
Conclusion
References
چکیده
زمینه
اختلال طیف اوتیسم (ASD) یک اختلال رشد عصبی پیچیده و فراگیر است که با اختلالات عمده در ارتباطات و تعامل اجتماعی، رفتارهای کلیشه ای و تشریفاتی و کمبود در فعالیت حسی مشخص می شود. کودکان و بزرگسالان مبتلا به ASD در چندین حوزه مانند شناخت، حافظه، توجه، تشخیص و تنظیم احساسات و مهارت‌های اجتماعی دچار نقص هستند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثرات تحریک عمیق مغز (DBS) بر کودکان و بزرگسالان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اوتیسم بود.
مواد و روش ها
این مطالعه یک مرور سیستماتیک بود. PubMed، Scopus، کتابخانه Cochrane و Web of Sciences با استفاده از عبارات ASD و DBS جستجو شدند. یازده مطالعه برای بررسی انتخاب شدند. این مطالعات تأثیر تحریک عمیق مغز را در کاهش علائم ASD بررسی کردند.
نتایج
7 مقاله منتشر شده در مورد بیمارانی که تحت DBS برای ASD همراه با رفتارهای خودآزاردهنده تهدید کننده زندگی قرار گرفتند، که با داروهای ضد روان پریشی تسکین نیافته بودند، منتشر شده است. همچنین، 4 مطالعه رفتارهای مشابه اوتیسم را بررسی کردند. هدف شامل اندام قدامی کپسول داخلی، گلوبوس پالیدوس اینترنوس و هسته جانبی پایه آمیگدال بود. سن بیماران بین 6 تا 37 سال بود.
نتیجه
نتایج این بررسی سیستماتیک نشان داد که DBS ممکن است برای علائم شدید و مقاوم به درمان در کودکان و بزرگسالان مبتلا به اختلالات طیف اوتیسم موثر باشد. شواهد فعلی نشان داد که تعداد علائمی مانند رفتارهای تکراری و اجباری، افکار وسواسی، رفتار ناهنجار و رفتارهای خودآزاری پس از DBS کاهش یافت. پیشنهاد می شود مطالعات بیشتری در این زمینه انجام شود.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Background
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental and pervasive developmental disorder characterized by major impairments in social communication and interaction, stereotyped and ritualistic behavior, and deficiency in sensory activity. Children and adults with ASD show deficit in several domains such as cognition, memory, attention, emotion recognition and regulation, and social skills. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) on children and adults with autism spectrum disorder.
Methods
This study was a systematic review. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library and Web of sciences were searched using terms for ASD and DBS. Eleven studies were selected for review. These studies investigated the effect of deep brain stimulation in reducing symptoms of ASD.
Results
There have been 7 published articles about patients who underwent DBS for ASD accompanied by life threatening self-injurious behavior, not alleviated by antipsychotic medication. Also, 4 studies investigated autism-like behaviors. The target included the anterior limb of the internal capsule, globus pallidus internus, and basal latera nucleus of the amygdala. The patients’ age ranged between 6 and 37 years.
Conclusion
Results of this systematic review showed that DBS might be effective for severe, medically refractory symptoms in children and adults with autism spectrum disorders. Current evidence showed that the number of symptoms such as repetitive and compulsive behavior, obsessive thought, aberrant behavior, and self-injurious behaviors decreased after DBS. Further studies are suggested to be conducted on this topic.
Introduction
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental and pervasive developmental disorder characterized by major impairments in social communication and interaction, deficient in sensory activity, and stereotyped and ritualistic behavior [1]. The worldwide prevalence of ASD is 1%, and the incidence was estimated in some regions as high as 1 in 57 children [2]. According to the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5), its prevalence has grown dramatically around the world and is reported as 1% in newborn children [1]. Males are disproportionally affected, with a male to female ratio reported as high as 3 to 1 [3]. Children and adults with ASD show deficits in several domains such as memory, attention, cognition, emotion recognition and regulation, and social skills [4]. Current consensus is that the key diagnostic features of ASD include 1) persistent deficits in social communications and socio-emotional interactions across multiple contexts, such as difficulty developing, maintaining, and understanding the relationships with others, and problems in verbal and non-verbal communication; 2) limited and repetitive interests such as insistence on environmental monotony, use of restricted, repetitive phrases, and obsessive behaviors; 3) abnormal feelings and strange and odd behaviors [3], [5].
Conclusion
The results of this systematic review showed that DBS might be effective for severe, medically refractory symptoms in ASD. The current evidence shows that the number of symptoms such as repetitive and compulsive behavior, obsessive thought, aberrant behavior, and self-injurious behavior have decreased after DBS in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder. Further studies are suggested to be conducted on this topic. Also, further research in DBS on ASD is warranted.