دانلود مقاله سهم تلفات الکلی در گسستگی امید به زندگی بین افراد
چکیده
مقدمه
مطالب و روش ها
نتایج
بحث
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
References
چکیده
روش ها
ما از داده‌های همگروهی استفاده کردیم که ثبت‌های جمعیت را با سوابق مراقبت‌های بهداشتی و مرگ از دانمارک، فنلاند، سوئد و تورین، ایتالیا در سال‌های 1993 تا 2007 مرتبط می‌کند (210,412,097 سال، 3046,754 مرگ). ما بیماران روانپزشکی مبتلا به افسردگی را از ثبت ترخیص از بیمارستان در دانمارک، فنلاند، و سوئد و بیماران سرپایی با نسخه های ضد افسردگی را از ثبت نسخه ها در فنلاند و تورین شناسایی کردیم. ما مرگ‌های مرتبط با الکل و غیرمرتبط با الکل را با استفاده از علل زمینه‌ای و عامل مرگ که بر اساس جنسیت، سن و وضعیت افسردگی طبقه‌بندی شده‌اند، ارزیابی کردیم. ما سهم مرگ‌های مرتبط با الکل را با تجزیه علت مرگ شکاف امید به زندگی در سن 25 سالگی بین افراد مبتلا به افسردگی و بدون افسردگی اندازه‌گیری کردیم.
نتایج
شکاف در امید به زندگی بین 13.1 تا 18.6 سال بین افراد با و بدون درمان بستری برای افسردگی و 6.7 تا 9.1 سال بین افراد دارای درمان ضد افسردگی و بدون درمان بود. سهم مرگ و میر ناشی از مصرف الکل در شکاف امید به زندگی در دانمارک (33.6٪) و فنلاند (18.1-30.5٪) - یعنی کشورهایی با مرگ و میر کلی مرتبط با الکل - بیشتر از سوئد (11.9٪) و تورین بود. (3.2٪) و در بین مردان در همه کشورها بزرگتر است. شکاف امید به زندگی به دلیل مرگ‌های غیر از مرگ ناشی از مصرف الکل در کشورهای مختلف تفاوت چندانی نداشت.
نتیجه گیری
الکل به شدت در کاهش امید به زندگی در افسردگی به ویژه در میان مردان و در کشورهایی با مرگ و میر کلی ناشی از مصرف الکل کمک می کند.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Background
Alcohol-related deaths may be among the most important reasons for the shorter life expectancy of people with depression, yet no study has quantified their contribution. We quantify the contribution of alcohol-related deaths to the life-expectancy gap in depression in four European countries with differing levels of alcohol-related mortality.
Methods
We used cohort data linking population registers with health-care and death records from Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Turin, Italy, in 1993–2007 (210,412,097 person years, 3046,754 deaths). We identified psychiatric inpatients with depression from hospital discharge registers in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden and outpatients with antidepressant prescriptions from prescription registers in Finland and Turin. We assessed alcohol-related and non-alcohol-related deaths using both underlying and contributory causes of death, stratified by sex, age and depression status. We quantified the contribution of alcohol-related deaths by cause-of-death decomposition of the life-expectancy gap at age 25 between people with and without depression.
Results
The gap in life expectancy was 13.1–18.6 years between people with and without inpatient treatment for depression and 6.7–9.1 years between those with and without antidepressant treatment. The contribution of alcohol-related deaths to the life-expectancy gap was larger in Denmark (33.6%) and Finland (18.1–30.5%) – i.e., countries with high overall alcohol-related mortality – than in Sweden (11.9%) and Turin (3.2%), and larger among men in all countries. The life-expectancy gap due to other than alcohol-related deaths varied little across countries.
Conclusions
Alcohol contributes heavily to the lower life expectancy in depression particularly among men and in countries with high overall alcohol-related mortality.
Introduction
The excess mortality of people with depressive disorders is well established (Walker et al., 2015, Wulsin et al., 1999). The gap in life expectancy between people with and without depression has been estimated to range between three to 17 years depending on the setting (Jia et al., 2018, Laursen et al., 2016, Lawrence et al., 2013, Nordentoft et al., 2013, Steensma et al., 2016). Although, the mechanisms producing the excess mortality remain debated (Machado et al., 2018), previous studies have suggested excessive alcohol consumption among people with depression to be a potentially important mechanism (Miloyan and Fried, 2017, Wulsin et al., 1999). The association between depression and alcohol consumption may be bidirectional (Swendsen and Merikangas, 2000), although recent genetic evidence from Mendelian randomization studies supports a causal effect of depression on alcohol dependence, but not of alcohol use on depression (Köhler et al., 2018, Polimanti et al., 2019, Treur et al., 2021).
Results and analyses
Age-standardized alcohol-related mortality was higher in Denmark and Finland than in Sweden and Turin, and higher among men than among women (Table 3). Among Finnish men, mortality for deaths with an alcohol-related disease or alcohol poisoning as the underlying cause of death was 70.4 per 100,000 person-years (95 % confidence interval 69.4–71.5), and 54.5 (53.6–55.5) among Danish men, whereas in Sweden and Turin these rates were only 20.5 (20.0–20.9) and 6.9 (5.9–8.0) respectively. The differences were similar among women, although rates were lower, and highest in Denmark. Further including deaths where an alcohol-related disease or alcohol intoxication was a contributory cause of death more than doubled alcohol-related mortality rates among men and nearly doubled them among women.