دانلود مقاله اثر سرمایه انسانی بر جذب سرمایه برای کارآفرینان
چکیده
مقدمه
چارچوب نظری و توسعه فرضیه
داده ها و روش شناسی
نتایج
بحث، محدودیت ها و نکات پایانی
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Theoretical framework and hypothesis development
Data and methodology
Results
Discussion, limitations, and concluding remarks
References
چکیده
این مقاله با استفاده از نظرسنجی از 3974 شرکت جدید در ژاپن، اثرات سرمایه انسانی را بر مشکلات جذب سرمایه برای کارآفرینان مبتنی بر ضرورت و فرصت بررسی می‌کند. عمده ترین یافته های این مقاله به شرح زیر است. اولاً، کارآفرینان مبتنی بر ضرورت بیشتر از کارآفرینان فرصت‌محور مشکلات جذب سرمایه دارند. دوم، تجربه خاص صنعت به حل مشکلات جذب سرمایه برای کارآفرینان مبتنی بر ضرورت و فرصت کمک می کند. ثالثاً، کارآفرینان مبتنی بر ضرورت با تجربه خاص صنعت نسبت به کارآفرینان مبتنی بر فرصت بدون چنین تجربه‌ای، کمتر با مشکلات جذب سرمایه مواجه می‌شوند.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
This paper examines the effects of human capital on fundraising problems for necessity- and opportunity-based entrepreneurs by using a survey of 3974 new firms in Japan. The major findings of this paper are as follows. First, necessity-based entrepreneurs are more likely to have fundraising problems than opportunity-based entrepreneurs. Second, industry-specific experience contributes to solving fundraising problems for both necessity- and opportunity-based entrepreneurs. Third, necessity-based entrepreneurs with industry-specific experience are less likely to have fundraising problems than opportunity-based entrepreneurs without such experience.
Introduction
Human capital is an important factor in achieving business success (Bosma et al., 2004; Chrisman et al., 2005; Davidsson & Honig, 2003; Ganotakis, 2012; Haber & Reichel, 2007). This is because entrepreneurs have difficulty obtaining external funds if they do not have high levels of human capital, even though the success of their business largely depends on obtaining sufficient external funds (Colombo & Grilli, 2010; Cooper et al., 1994; Honig, 1998). In contrast, entrepreneurs with high levels of human capital tend to have large initial financing amount (Ko & McKelvie, 2018) through receiving venture capital financing (Colombo & Grilli, 2010; Hsu, 2007; Piva & Rossi-Lamastra, 2018) and debt financing from commercial banks (Bates, 1990).
concluding remarks
This study examines the effects of human capital on fundraising problems for necessity- and opportunity-based entrepreneurs, and whether such effects exceed the disadvantages of being necessity-based entrepreneurs by combining two separate theoretical frameworks. We find that necessity-based entrepreneurs tend to have more fundraising problems than opportunity-based entrepreneurs. We also find that industry-specific experience contributes to solving fundraising problems for both types of entrepreneurs. Furthermore, necessity-based entrepreneurs with such experience tend not to have fundraising problems than opportunity-based entrepreneurs without the experience. Our findings highlight the importance of acquiring high levels of human capital. Specifically, high levels of human capital can be an insurance when potential necessity-based entrepreneurs are forced to start businesses. Moreover, for potential opportunity-based entrepreneurs, not having high levels of human capital might be a barrier that offsets their sufficient preparation for starting businesses. Thus, acquiring high levels of human capital will be useful for all potential entrepreneurs. All in all, besides the abovementioned issues that offer potential avenues for future research, this study advances the extant literature on the effects of human capital on entrepreneurial finance.
Hypothesis 1: High levels of human capital contribute to solving fundraising problems for both necessity- and opportunity-based entrepreneurs.
Hypothesis 2: Necessity-based entrepreneurs are more likely to have fundraising problems than opportunity-based entrepreneurs.
Hypothesis 3: Necessity-based entrepreneurs with high levels of human capital are less likely to have fundraising problems than opportunity-based entrepreneurs without high levels of human capital.