دانلود مقاله ارزیابی دقیق تأثیر اقتصادی گردشگری
چکیده
مقدمه
طرح پژوهش
یافته ها
نتیجه گیری: روندهای نوظهور و تحقیقات آتی
منابع
Abstract
Introduction
Research design
Findings
Conclusion: emerging trends and future research
References
چکیده
گردشگری در بسیاری از کشورها به عنوان عاملی برای اقتصاد مقصد شناخته شده است. با این حال، COVID-19 صنعت گردشگری را در بسیاری از اقتصادهای ملی ویران کرده است. اگرچه تأثیر اقتصادی گردشگری بر مقاصد در حجم وسیعی از ادبیات گردشگری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است، اما بیشتر مطالعات از فرضیه رشد اقتصادی مبتنی بر گردشگری و روش‌ها و داده‌های سنتی به جای روش‌های اقتصادی پیشرفته استفاده کرده‌اند. این مطالعه مروری بر ادبیات سیستماتیک تأثیر اقتصادی گردشگری بین سال‌های 1975 و 2020 انجام می‌دهد و کتاب‌سنجی عمومی را تجزیه و تحلیل می‌کند و موضوعات و روش‌های کلیدی ارزیابی تأثیر اقتصادی گردشگری را بررسی می‌کند. این به ارزیابی دقیق تأثیر اقتصادی گردشگری کمک می کند، برای شناسایی شکاف ها در ادبیات کار می کند، روندهای نوظهور در این زمینه را برجسته می کند، و مسیرهایی را برای تحقیقات آینده پیشنهاد می کند.
توجه! این متن ترجمه ماشینی بوده و توسط مترجمین ای ترجمه، ترجمه نشده است.
Abstract
Tourism is acknowledged as a contributor to destination economies in many countries. However, COVID-19 has devastated the tourism industry in numerous national economies. Although the economic impact of tourism on destinations has been examined in a large body of tourism literature, most studies have utilized the tourism-led economic growth hypothesis and traditional methods and data rather than cutting-edge economic methods. This study conducts a systematic literature review on tourism economic impact between 1975 and 2020, analyzing the general bibliometrics and examining the key themes and methods of assessing tourism economic impact. It contributes to an accurate assessment of tourism economic impact, works to identify gaps in the literature, highlights emerging trends in the field, and proposes directions for future research.
Introduction
The tourism industry has experienced sustained growth since World War II, with exceptions such as the 2008–2009 Global Financial Crisis. In 2019, the global number of international visitor arrivals reached 1.481 million, generating US$1.461 billion in tourism receipts (World Tourism Organization [UNWTO], 2020). Over the last few decades, destinations with extensive tourism resources have benefitted from the continuous expansion of the tourism industry. The growth of tourism demand can lead to cash inflows to local and national economies and generate increased tax revenue and employment opportunities in tourist destinations. The expansion of inbound tourism can stimulate foreign currency inflows and exports of tourism products, which in turn may boost the growth of a country's gross domestic production (GDP; Belloumi, 2010). The importance of tourism economic impact to destination economies has been amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to a year-on-year drop of 74% in international visitor arrivals and a loss of US$1.300 billion in tourism receipts in 2020 (UNWTO, 2021), contributing to a 4% decline in global GDP in 2020 (World Bank, 2021). The international tourism market has gradually begun to recover following global vaccination campaigns (Liu, Vici, Ramos, Giannoni, & Blake, 2021; Qiu, Liu, Stienmetz, & Yu, 2021). As the tourism industry and global economy rebound from the pandemic, an investigation of the economic impact of tourism development is particularly timely and relevant from both a theoretical and practical perspective.
Conclusion
In this study, 420 articles on the assessment of tourism economic impact were reviewed. Facilitated by network analysis, two themes were identified in the current literature: 1) tourism development and economic growth and 2) tourism development and economic impact. The first theme is based on the TLEG hypothesis, which has been examined in numerous studies using time series, panel, and cross-sectional data for different time periods and destinations. Although most empirical studies have supported the TLEG hypothesis, most of them lack solid theoretical foundations (Song and Wu, 2022). The second theme is centered on the CGE model with the IO table as the base for calibration and simulation analysis when analyzing the relationship between tourism development and economic impact. In the CGE modeling process, the TSA framework is normally used for data calibration. The model is grounded in general equilibrium theory, although some assumptions are too strong to represent a real economy.